Albert Einstein was a renowned physicist, born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany. He later became a Swiss citizen and graduated from the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich in 1900. Einstein received his PhD in physics from the University of Zurich in 1905 and is best known for his groundbreaking theories in physics, particularly the theory of relativity.

In 1905, often referred to as his "miracle year," Einstein published a series of papers that would change the course of science. Among these was the introduction of the photon hypothesis, which explained the photoelectric effect and led to his Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. His theories on special and general relativity fundamentally altered our understanding of space, time, and gravity, establishing him as one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century.

Einstein's work has had a lasting impact, not only in physics but also in philosophy and the broader realm of science. He passed away on April 18, 1955, in Princeton, New Jersey, from heart failure. His legacy continues to inspire scientists and thinkers around the world.